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Section 4 Identification of Problems and Opportunities

EAA Storage Reservoirs Revised Draft PIR and EIS February 2006

4-3

eutrophic state of the lake, although it should be noted that the EAA is not the

largest source of nutrients entering Lake Okeechobee. There are other larger

sources of nutrients to the lake, notably the Kissimmee River basin and the

Taylor Creek/Nubbin Slough Basin. Lake Okeechobee is designated as a Class I

water body according to the Florida Administrative Code (FAC). This means

that it is used as a potable water supply source. However, in a recent listing of

water body sites where water quality was not adequate to sustain its designated

uses prepared by FDEP, Lake Okeechobee had several monitoring stations

where excessive nutrients, low levels of dissolved oxygen and high

concentrations of unionized ammonia, iron, chlorides and coliform bacteria were

found. Several ongoing restoration efforts, coupled with recently implemented

best management practices have resulted in improved water quality for the lake;

however, water quality remains a problem. FDEP has recently adopted a total

maximum daily load (TMDL) of 140 metric tons (tonnes) of phosphorus for all

sources to Lake Okeechobee.

4.1.2.3 Northern Estuaries

Periodic releases of large amounts of freshwater from Lake Okeechobee via the

C-44 Canal to the St. Lucie River and Estuary and southern Indian River

Lagoon and via the C-43 Canal to the Caloosahatchee River and Estuary have

had extremely destructive effects upon the ecological communities in these

receiving water bodies. These releases deliver turbidity, sediments and

nutrients to the estuaries. They also alter the salinity levels in these estuaries.

4.1.2.4 Opportunities

The EAA Storage Reservoir project represents an opportunity to improve the

environment and assist in the restoration of the Everglades ecosystem.

Currently, periodic regulatory releases from Lake Okeechobee to prevent

flooding damage the northern estuaries. In addition, much of the supplemental

water supply needed during the dry season by the EAA is met by deliveries from

Lake Okeechobee. Additional water storage in the EAA will reduce the impact

of harmful discharges of fresh water to the estuaries and lessen the dependency

of agricultural water users in the basin on Lake Okeechobee releases for

irrigation water. This will reduce agricultural water supply demands on the

lake and allow it to be operated to provide additional supplemental

environmental deliveries of water to the Water Conservation Areas and

Everglades National Park and to meet other water related needs, including

water supply and resource protection.

Properly sized and designed storage areas have the potential of improving the

quality of water being delivered to the natural system. This improvement is

achieved by a reduction in Lake Okeechobee regulatory releases to the estuaries,

reduction in Lake Okeechobee backpumping and balancing the timing and

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