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Section 5 Formulation of Alternative Plans

EAA Storage Reservoirs Revised Draft PIR and EIS February 2006

5-9

and west estuaries in such large volumes that their natural salinity

regimes are harmed.

4. Meet agricultural demands within the EAA. More water could be moved

from north of the lake to the lake and then southward to the EAA to meet

the needs of agriculture.

Storing additional water in ASR systems rather than in reservoirs raises a high

level of technological and regulatory uncertainty. There are ongoing ASR pilot

projects and regional studies to address these uncertainties. While the

technological and regulatory uncertainties will likely be reduced as a result of

the pilot project results, it is still not likely that large-scale ASR systems capable

of storing the volumes of water associated with regulatory releases will be

implemented in an expedited manner. Uncertainties related to required water

quality treatment technologies and recovery efficiencies (currently, only 70% of

the water injected into ASRs is assumed to be recoverable) also greatly affect

ASR project cost estimates. Further, ASR has a slower rate of water capture

and discharges compared to above-ground reservoirs. The rate of capture (from

Lake Okeechobee or a canal) is limited at each well site (to a maximum of 15

acre-feet per day, as compared to 6,942 acre-feet per day on average for each

pump at above ground storage reservoirs to capture from the lake or a canal).

This would significantly limit the system’s ability to store regulatory releases

from the lake needed to keep the lake below its maximum allowable level.

5.2.1.5 Flow-way (broad, shallow marsh areas for free flow of water from Lake

Okeechobee to WCAs)

A flow-way is a passive measure generally described as a broad, shallow marsh

area that is used to freely-flow water from Lake Okeechobee to one or more of

the WCAs. This management measure was developed during the Restudy to

restore sheet flow between the EAA and the WCAs. The flow-way would provide

for sheet flow and dynamic water storage. Various flow-way designs were

considered ranging from 1 to 3 miles wide and varying lengths to identify

relative differences in the hydrological and environmental response.

The evaluation of this concept showed a number of problems concerning

feasibility, such as soil subsidence in the EAA, evapotranspiration losses,

seepage management, vegetation management, timing of flows and frequency of

flow events and the feasibility of acquiring necessary real estate interests.

Additional EAA issues included numerous roads, bridges, and railroad

relocations that would be required if a flow-way divides the entire EAA.

Soil subsidence in the EAA has substantially reduced ground levels in the

southern portions of the EAA and would reduce the hydraulic head that would

drive the southward flow of water; hence, velocities and flow rates would be

greatly reduced. By spreading the water over shallower areas (as opposed to

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